Hoje foi o Dia Aberto. Mais de 60 pessoas visitaram os Perdigões. As escavações em curso, o museu na Torre do Esporão e o depósito de materiais aqueológicos, onde os visitantes têm sempre a possibilidade de ver e tocar nas peças mais de perto. Seguido de uma palestra sobre os resultados de um projecto de investigação e de um almoço "Neolítico".
Today was Open Day. Over 60 people visited Perdigões. The excavations, the museum of Torre do Esporão and the deposit of archaeological materials, where the visitors always have the opportunity of touch the items. Followed by a talk about the results of a scientific research and a "Neolithic" lunch.
Foi um dos melhores Dias Abertos dos Perdigões. Patrocinado pela Era Arqueologia e Esporão.
It was one of the best Open Days of Perdigões. Sponsored by Era Arqueologia e Esporão.
Excavations 2024
This is a temporary blog for presenting the excavations at Perdigões. Posts from 2011 to 2023 are available.
Saturday, 21 July 2018
Friday, 20 July 2018
280 - Uma fachada ? / A facade ?
Mais dois buracos de poste (um grande e outro pequeno) que com o anterior parecem formar uma espécie de fachada na "aveinida" fronteira à Fossa 40. E junto ao grande mais um campaniforme, aparentemente liso.
Two more post holes (one big and one small) that, with the last one, seem to form some sort of facade in front of the "avenue" leading to Pit 40. And next to the big one another beaker bowl, apparently undecorated.
Na Fossa 80 uma grande concentração de cerâmica e ocre (?) amarelo junto à parade Este.
In Pit 80 a grate concentration of pottery and yellow ocher (?) near he eastern wall.
Two more post holes (one big and one small) that, with the last one, seem to form some sort of facade in front of the "avenue" leading to Pit 40. And next to the big one another beaker bowl, apparently undecorated.
Na Fossa 80 uma grande concentração de cerâmica e ocre (?) amarelo junto à parade Este.
In Pit 80 a grate concentration of pottery and yellow ocher (?) near he eastern wall.
Thursday, 19 July 2018
0279 - Of Marble / De Mármore
O recipiente da Fossa 87 é de mámore. Tal como o recolhido na vizinha fossa de deposições de cremações humanas.
The pot from Pit 87 is made of marble. Just like the one of the neighboring pit of the depositions of cremated remains.
Em frente da qual continuamos a trabalhar, no interior da "alameda de postes"
In front of which we continue to work, inside the "posts avenue".
E onde um novo depósito central de fragmentos cerâmicos, fauna e pequenas pedras apareceu (é já o terceiro nível).
And where a new central deposit of sherds, faunal remains and small stones appeared (and is the third already).
The pot from Pit 87 is made of marble. Just like the one of the neighboring pit of the depositions of cremated remains.
Em frente da qual continuamos a trabalhar, no interior da "alameda de postes"
In front of which we continue to work, inside the "posts avenue".
E onde um novo depósito central de fragmentos cerâmicos, fauna e pequenas pedras apareceu (é já o terceiro nível).
And where a new central deposit of sherds, faunal remains and small stones appeared (and is the third already).
Wednesday, 18 July 2018
0278 - Pits / Fossas
Hoje, finalmente, voltámos à Fossa 80. Com alguns cuidados e com uma área de intervenção reduzida, por questões de segurança. Já vai com 3m de profundidade. No alargamento chegámos à parede Este, onde se identificou parte de um recipiente (entre uma grande quantidade de fragmentos cerâmicos e ainda mais restos faunísticos).
Today, finally, we came back to Pit 80. With careful and in a restricted area, due to safety issues. It is already 3m deep. In the excavated area we got to the eastern wall, where a part of a recipient was identified (and a grate quantity of sherds and even more faunal remains).
E também voltámos à fossa 87. Na base do nível que forneceu abundates elementos cardonizados de Pyrus bourgaeana (pera brava) aparecem grandes fragmentos cerâmicos e um vaso de calcário / mármore inteiro.
And we also came back to Pit 87. In the base of the level that provided abundant carbonized elements of Pyrus bourgaeana (wild pear) there are several large sherds of pottery and a complete limestone / marble pot.
Today, finally, we came back to Pit 80. With careful and in a restricted area, due to safety issues. It is already 3m deep. In the excavated area we got to the eastern wall, where a part of a recipient was identified (and a grate quantity of sherds and even more faunal remains).
E também voltámos à fossa 87. Na base do nível que forneceu abundates elementos cardonizados de Pyrus bourgaeana (pera brava) aparecem grandes fragmentos cerâmicos e um vaso de calcário / mármore inteiro.
And we also came back to Pit 87. In the base of the level that provided abundant carbonized elements of Pyrus bourgaeana (wild pear) there are several large sherds of pottery and a complete limestone / marble pot.
Tuesday, 17 July 2018
Monday, 16 July 2018
Sunday, 15 July 2018
0275 - Versões de ontem / Yesterday versions
Duas versões da palestra de ontem "Com Monsaraz no horizonte: o recinto cerimonial pré-histórico dos Perdigões", integrada no programa do Museu Aberto de Monsaraz.
Two versions of the yesterday talk "With Monsaraz in the horizon: the ceremonial prehistoric enclosure of Perdigões", integrated in the program of Monsaraz Open Museum.
Two versions of the yesterday talk "With Monsaraz in the horizon: the ceremonial prehistoric enclosure of Perdigões", integrated in the program of Monsaraz Open Museum.
0274 - Detalhes de interesse / Interesting details
Na "alameda" ladeada por grandes burados de poste que se situa do lado Este da fossas 40 (a dos restos cremados) vão-se registando vários momentos de acumulações, espacialmente restritas, de pequenas pedras, muitos e pequenos fragmentos cerâmicos e restos faunísticos e praticamente mais nada (aqui e ali um minúsculo bocadinho de cobre). Relacionadas com os cerimoniais de deposição dos restos humanos na fossa?
In the "avenue" marked by the big post holes situated in the Easter side of Pit 40 (the one of cremated remains) several accumulations of very small stones, small sherds and faunal remains have been recorded, spatially restricted. Nothing else (with the exception of occasional tiny bits of copper). Were they related to the ceremonies of deposition of the human cremated remains?
Já no Sepulcro 4 está agora bem visível a intencionalidade do uso cromático para marcar neste caso o Norte, curiosamente o lado onde se concentravam a quase totalidade dos restos humanos identificados nesta câmara.
In Tomb 4 is now well visible the intentional use of color to mark in this case the North. Curiously, that is the side of the concentration of almost all human remains.
In the "avenue" marked by the big post holes situated in the Easter side of Pit 40 (the one of cremated remains) several accumulations of very small stones, small sherds and faunal remains have been recorded, spatially restricted. Nothing else (with the exception of occasional tiny bits of copper). Were they related to the ceremonies of deposition of the human cremated remains?
Já no Sepulcro 4 está agora bem visível a intencionalidade do uso cromático para marcar neste caso o Norte, curiosamente o lado onde se concentravam a quase totalidade dos restos humanos identificados nesta câmara.
In Tomb 4 is now well visible the intentional use of color to mark in this case the North. Curiously, that is the side of the concentration of almost all human remains.
Friday, 13 July 2018
0273 - Almost at half campaign / Quase a metade da campanha
Estamos quase a metade da campanha e o pessoal parece bem disposto. Não admira, é hora do sempre excelente almoço na Herdade do Esporão.
We are almost at half campaign and the the team seams happy. Not surprising, for its lunch time at Herdae do Esporão. Always excellent.
Na área central o trabalho continua e a estrutura monumental está a ficar mais complexa.
At the central area work continues and the monumental structure is getting more complex.
No Sepulcro 4 finalmente apareceu algo mais que ossos humanos: um ídolo falange (de cavalo).
In Tomb 4 finally something else other than human bones: a phalanx idol (of horse)
We are almost at half campaign and the the team seams happy. Not surprising, for its lunch time at Herdae do Esporão. Always excellent.
Na área central o trabalho continua e a estrutura monumental está a ficar mais complexa.
At the central area work continues and the monumental structure is getting more complex.
No Sepulcro 4 finalmente apareceu algo mais que ossos humanos: um ídolo falange (de cavalo).
In Tomb 4 finally something else other than human bones: a phalanx idol (of horse)
Wednesday, 11 July 2018
0272 - Investigando o uso de cinábrio / Researching the use of cinnabar
Mandíbula com cinábrio do Sepulcro 1 dos Perdigões
A colaboração entre o Programa Global de Investigação dos Perdigões e a Universidade de Bradford continua a dar frutos, agora na investigação sobre o uso de cinábrio. Aqui fica o resumo de mais um trabalho.
The collaboration of the Global Program of Research of Perdigões and the Bradford University continues to deliver, now in the research of the use of cinnabar. Here is the abstract of one more work.
FROM THE
BLOOD OF DRAGONS
Cinnabar: a pigment for the living, a preservative for
the dead.
Cinnabar is a naturally occurring
mineral found worldwide and is the main source of the toxic element mercury.
Studies from Tomb II, Perdigoes in the Alentejo region of Portugal, describe
evidence of chronic mercury exposure in four individuals from the Late
Neolithic / Chalcolithic period (Emslie et al. 2015). However, the analytical equipment is expensive, not readily available
and the process destructive.
An epistemological review suggested that
the use of field portable x-ray fluorescence equipment could be used as a
non-destructive technique, both on the human remains and the burial substrate,
to identify the presence of mercury and other heavy metals.
The results support the validity of the
method, recognising the presence of mercury, as initially reported, but
additionally we discovered high levels of manganese and nickel. Further
research is required to explain the presence of manganese and nickel, which may
be related to diet, and to increase the sample size to refine the techniques
employed.
This abstract relates to the final year
research project completed by David Taylor, University of Bradford, in partial
fulfilment of a Bachelor of Arts in Archaeology.
Emslie, S. D.,
Brasso, R., Patterson, W. P., Carlos Valera, A., McKenzie, A., Maria Silva, A.,
Gleason, J. D. and Blum, J. D. (2015) Chronic mercury exposure in Late
Neolithic/Chalcolithic populations in Portugal from the cultural use of
cinnabar. Scientific reports 5,
14679.
Tuesday, 10 July 2018
0271 - Postes e ossos / Posts and bones
Esta tem sido a nossa realidade.
That has been our reality.
Na área central temos já 9 buracos de poste em linha até à fossa dos cremados.. Colocámos postes para ter uma noção visual da coisa. Uma estrutura monumental a aparecer.
At the central area we have now a row of 9 post holes leading to the pit of the cremated remains. We put posts in, just to have a visual notion of the thing. A monumental structure appearing.
No tholos, depois de expor os últimos (primeiros) ossos, começámos a levantar, com coordenação tridimensional integral.
In the tholos, after exposing the last (first) bones, we started to pick them up, with total three-dimensional coordination.
That has been our reality.
Na área central temos já 9 buracos de poste em linha até à fossa dos cremados.. Colocámos postes para ter uma noção visual da coisa. Uma estrutura monumental a aparecer.
At the central area we have now a row of 9 post holes leading to the pit of the cremated remains. We put posts in, just to have a visual notion of the thing. A monumental structure appearing.
No tholos, depois de expor os últimos (primeiros) ossos, começámos a levantar, com coordenação tridimensional integral.
In the tholos, after exposing the last (first) bones, we started to pick them up, with total three-dimensional coordination.
Monday, 9 July 2018
0270 - Mais postes na "avenida" / More posts in the "avenue"
Mais dois grandes buracos de poste aparecerem no limite do corte calcolítico no geológico da área central, junto aos dois identificados nas campanhas anteriores. Parecem ter uma equidestância regular (cerca de 80 cm).
Two other large post holes were identified in the edge of the Chalcolithic cut in the geologic at the central area. They are close to the two identified in previous campaigns. They seem to be equidistant (about 80cm).
Mas quando se escavavam os os novos outro apareceu, com a mesma equidistância. A "avenida" de buracos de poste está cada vez mais interessante.
But when we were excavating the new ones another one appeared, with the same equidistant. The "avenue" of post holes is getting more interesting.
Two other large post holes were identified in the edge of the Chalcolithic cut in the geologic at the central area. They are close to the two identified in previous campaigns. They seem to be equidistant (about 80cm).
Four of the post holes
Mas quando se escavavam os os novos outro apareceu, com a mesma equidistância. A "avenida" de buracos de poste está cada vez mais interessante.
But when we were excavating the new ones another one appeared, with the same equidistant. The "avenue" of post holes is getting more interesting.
Sunday, 8 July 2018
0269 - Trabalho nocturno / Night work
Este foi o nosso trabalho nocturno de ontem. A maior covinha tem três traços associados formando uma espécie de cauda. Faz lembrar algumas representações que podem ser interpretadas como cometas, caso do fragmento dos Perdigões (que até pontos internos para sugerir o brilhar), de alguns motivos das pinturas de Pala Pinta (estudadas por Paulo Lima) e da mais inequívoca representação do cometa Haley na tapeçaria de Bayeux. Já foi sugerido que alguns destes conjuntos de covinhas podem representar partes do firmamento. A possibilidade de neste caso se representar um cometa pode ser tudo, menos descabida.
This was our work from last night. The bigger cup mark has three lines forming a conic shape, like a tale. It remembers some representations that might be interpreted as comets. That is the case of the fragment of Perdigões (the internal dots suggesting bright), of some motives of Pala Pinta paintings (studied by Paulo Lima) and the unquestionable representation of Haley comet in Bayeux tapestry. It has been suggested that some of these cup marks assemblages might represent parts of the firmament. The possibility of this situation represent a comet may be everything but misplaced.
A- Perdigões shard / FRagmento dos Perdigões; B - Pala Pinta motive / Motivo de Pala Pinta; C - Part of Bayeux tapestry / Parte da Tapeçaria de Bayeux.
This was our work from last night. The bigger cup mark has three lines forming a conic shape, like a tale. It remembers some representations that might be interpreted as comets. That is the case of the fragment of Perdigões (the internal dots suggesting bright), of some motives of Pala Pinta paintings (studied by Paulo Lima) and the unquestionable representation of Haley comet in Bayeux tapestry. It has been suggested that some of these cup marks assemblages might represent parts of the firmament. The possibility of this situation represent a comet may be everything but misplaced.
A- Perdigões shard / FRagmento dos Perdigões; B - Pala Pinta motive / Motivo de Pala Pinta; C - Part of Bayeux tapestry / Parte da Tapeçaria de Bayeux.
Saturday, 7 July 2018
0268 - "Cidadão" Campaniforme / Citizen Beaker
Hoje surgiu mais um "cidadão" campaniforme, a fazer fé no recente retorno ao início do século XX promovido pelos geneticistas (não confundir com os dados proporcionados pelo aDNA).
Today another citizen Beaker appeared, believing in the recent return to the beginning of the XX century promoted by the geneticists (not to be confused with the aDNA data).
Today another citizen Beaker appeared, believing in the recent return to the beginning of the XX century promoted by the geneticists (not to be confused with the aDNA data).
Friday, 6 July 2018
0267 - Ossos e buracos de poste / Bones and post holes
A escavação no Sepulcro 4 continua e aproxima-se do final. A dispersão de ossos desarticulados continua.
The excavation of Tomb 4 continues and gets closer to the end. Disarticulated scattered bones continue to appear.
Na área central continuamos a escavar a envolvente da Fossa 40 (a estrutura de deposição de restos humanos cremados). Ao longo dos limites do corte do geológico que envolve esta estrutura vários grandes buracos de poste estão a aparecer, sugerindo a existência de uma estrutura de madeira eventualmente associada à fossa. Já foram identificados 5.
At the central area we are excavating the surroundings of Pit 40 (the structure of the depositions of cremated human remains). Along the edge of the cut in the geologic that involves this structure several large post holes are appearing, suggesting some sort of wood structure possibly associated to the funerary pit. We already identified 5.
The excavation of Tomb 4 continues and gets closer to the end. Disarticulated scattered bones continue to appear.
Na área central continuamos a escavar a envolvente da Fossa 40 (a estrutura de deposição de restos humanos cremados). Ao longo dos limites do corte do geológico que envolve esta estrutura vários grandes buracos de poste estão a aparecer, sugerindo a existência de uma estrutura de madeira eventualmente associada à fossa. Já foram identificados 5.
At the central area we are excavating the surroundings of Pit 40 (the structure of the depositions of cremated human remains). Along the edge of the cut in the geologic that involves this structure several large post holes are appearing, suggesting some sort of wood structure possibly associated to the funerary pit. We already identified 5.
Wednesday, 4 July 2018
0266 - Ao 3º dia / At the 3rd day
Um fragmento com decoração penteada na área central. Apresenta um perfil acampanulado.
A shard with combed decoration from the central area. It presents a Bell Beaker shape profile.
E continuamos a escavação do Sepulcro 4. Entre outras coisas, apareceu um crânio separado em duas partes e com uma disposição particular e aparentemente intencionada.
And we continue the excavation of Tomb 4. Among other things, a skull separated in two parts appeared, with a specific deposition apparently intentional.
A shard with combed decoration from the central area. It presents a Bell Beaker shape profile.
E continuamos a escavação do Sepulcro 4. Entre outras coisas, apareceu um crânio separado em duas partes e com uma disposição particular e aparentemente intencionada.
And we continue the excavation of Tomb 4. Among other things, a skull separated in two parts appeared, with a specific deposition apparently intentional.
Tuesday, 3 July 2018
0265 - Around pit 40 / À volta da fossa 40
Começamos a
escavação na zona central dos recintos, junto à Fossa 40, na área de deposições
de restos humanos cremados. Alguns desses restos já voltaram a aparecer em
torno à fossa.
We started the excavation in the central area of the
enclosures, next to pit 40, where the depositions of human cremated remains
were done. Some of them have already appeared around the pit.
Mas o mais
interessante foi o aparecimento de fragmentos cerâmicos decorados entre as
pedras que envolvem a cista que se situa ao lado da Fossa 40 e que são do mesmo
recipiente que há já alguns anos foi recolhido na base da estratigrafia da
referida fossa.
But more interesting was the appearing of decorated pottery
shards between the stones that surround the cist that is next to Pit 40. They
are from the same pot that, some years ago, was recovered in the base of that
pit.
Os novos fragmentos / The new fragments
Os fragmentos antigos / the earlier shards
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